Anwar Assefa Adem (PhD)
CURRICULUM VITAE
Last Name |
: Adem |
|
First Name |
: Anwar Assefa |
|
Date of birth |
: 23 October 1987 |
|
Nationality |
: Ethiopian |
|
Sex |
: Male |
|
Marital status |
: Married |
|
Postal code |
: 5501 |
|
Cell phone |
: +251913640284 |
|
|
Education
August 2020 |
Ph.D. (Distinction). Integrated Water Management, Faculty of Civil and Water Resources Engineering, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia |
July 2013 |
M.Sc. (Distinction). Water Resources Engineering (Engineering Hydrology), Faculty of Civil and Water Resources Engineering, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia |
July 2008 |
B.Sc. (Distinction). Meteorology Science, Water Technology Institute, Arba Minch University, Ethiopia. |
Training taken
Topic |
Place |
|
Oct. 5–Nov. 16, 2022 |
Spatial Data Science: The New Frontier in Analytics |
ESRI E-learning, California, USA |
September 27, 2022 |
Project Management Essentials Certificate |
DisasterReady, California, USA |
August 20, 2022 |
Introduction to Statistics for Data Science |
Earn and Excel, London, UK |
Sep. 7 to Nov. 1, 2021 |
Research and Proposal Writing in the Sciences |
INASP, UK |
Oct 8 to 10, 2019 |
East African Capacity Building Workshop on Drought Monitoring and Forecasting |
UNECA, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
Sep 01 to Oct 12, 2019 |
Going Places with Spatial Analysis |
ESRI E-learning, California, USA |
Oct 28 to Dec, 2018 |
Earth Imagery at Work |
ESRI E-learning, California, USA |
Sep 02 to Oct 13, 2018 |
Cartography |
ESRI E-learning, California, USA |
Mar 18 to May 18, 2018 |
Integrated Decision Support System: Specializing in Soil and Assessment Tool (SWAT) model |
Feed the Future, Texas A&M University |
Feb 8 to 12, 2016 |
Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) |
Feed the Future, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
Nov 6 to Dec 7, 2013 |
11 Courses of Advanced GIS-Based Application for Land Use Planning |
ULTIMO ICT Solutions, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia |
Dec. 10 to 12, 2012 |
Geonetcast Infrastructure Setup and the Water and Food Security of Ethiopia Toolbox |
WFP, Ethiopia |
Apr. 26 to 28, 2010 |
The Application of Early Assessment Protection (LEAP) |
WFP, Ethiopia |
Language Skills:
|
Written |
Spoken |
English |
Excellent |
Excellent |
Amharic |
Excellent |
Excellent |
Arabic |
Fair |
Fair |
Professional Experience
Jul. 2020-Present |
Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resource Management, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia |
Apr. 2017 – Jul. 2020 |
Lecturer, Department of Natural Resource Management, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia |
May 2015 – Apr. 2017
|
Assistant Researcher, Faculty of Civil and Water Resources Engineering, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia. |
Aug. 2013 – May 2015
|
Water Resources Engineer, Amhara Design and Supervision Works Enterprise (ADSWE), Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. |
Feb. 2009 – Aug. 2013
|
Meteorologist, Bahir Dar Meteorology Directorate, National Meteorological Agency (NMA), Ethiopia. |
Professional Affiliations
Feb. 2019 – Present |
Ethiopian Society of Hydrology |
Nov. 2022 - Present |
Associate Member, International Society for Development and Sustainability (ISDS) |
List of Assignments and Projects
Year |
Description |
Jan 2021-Present |
Research, Community Service Technology Transfer and University - Industry Linkage (RCSTTUIL) council member from 1 January 2022 |
2020 – 2021 |
Head of the Department of Natural Resources Management, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University. |
2019 -2020 |
Work package leader and researcher in the SWEEP project which was a collaborative project of CARE Ethiopia and Bahir Dar University and focused on Water for Food Security, Women’s Empowerment, and Environmental Protection. |
2017-2019 |
Course chair water resources under the department of Natural Resources Management, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University. |
2019 |
Hydro-meteorologist (Internship), Nile Basin Initiative (NBI), and Eastern Nile Technical Regional Office (ENTRO), which was funded by the world bank and focused on drought risk assessment and mapping. |
2015 - 2017 |
Senior Water Resources Engineer, Amhara Water Resource Development and Energy Bureau funded project which was focused on Assessment of Surface Water Potential of Amhara region. |
2015 - 2017 |
Senior Water Resources Engineer, Amhara Agricultural Bureau funded a project which was focused on evaluating the effectiveness of watershed management works in improving water availability. |
2013 - 2015 |
Water Resources Engineer, Bureau of Environmental Protection, Land Administration and Use (BoEPLAU) funded project which was focused on Hydrology and Water Resource Assessment of Tekeze development corridor. |
2015 - 2016 |
Assistant Researcher, WLE-CGIAR – the Nile and East Africa focal region funded project, which focused on Sustaining Land Resources Management Interventions in the Ethiopia highlands. |
2013 - 2015 |
Water Resources Engineer, Bureau of Environmental Protection, Land Administration and Use (BoEPLAU) funded project which was focused on Hydrology and Water Resource Assessment of Tana basin development corridor. |
2013 |
Hydrologist (Internship), Tana Sub-Basin Organization (TaSBO), which was funded by the world bank and focused on the hydrological study of the Tana basin. |
2015 – present |
Advising MSc (10 completed and 5 ongoing) students working in the areas of natural resources management, hydrology, climate change, GIS and remote sensing applications, and water resources management. |
Training given
Period |
Topic |
Place |
Aug 9 to 14, 2021 |
Hydrological modeling in QGIS using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Climate Change Impact |
Bahir Dar, Ethiopia |
Dec 16 to 24, 2019 |
Water Resources Potential Assessment and Planning Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model |
Bahir Dar, Ethiopia |
Oct 05 to 20, 2017 |
Basic ArcGIS, Multi-Critria Analysis Using ArcGIS, ArcSWAT, HEC-HMS, HEC-GeoHMS, and Reservoir Analysis |
Bahir Dar, Ethiopia |
Aug 07 to Sep 05, 2017 |
“Hydrological Modeling Using ArcSWAT” and “Hydrology and Water Resource Inventory for land Use Planning” |
Bahir Dar, Ethiopia |
July 24 to Aug 25, 2017 |
Feasibility Study, Detail Design, and Contract Administration of Small-Scale Irrigation |
Bahir Dar, Ethiopia |
Apr 20 to 24, 2015 |
Hydrological Modeling |
Bahir Dar, Ethiopia |
Nov 19 to 28, 2015 |
GIS and Remote Sensing |
Bahir Dar, Ethiopia |
Successful individual consultancies
Period |
Delivered tasks |
Client |
07 Aug. to 20 Dec. 2021 |
Revising the study on the assessment of surface water potential of Amhara region based on stakeholder feedback. |
ADSWE, Ethiopia |
06 Mar. to 05 Apr. 2021 |
Study area map (Aba-Gerima watershed and the adjacent control or unprotect site); LULC maps for the last 30 years (1990; 2000; 2010; 2020) and report on LULC dynamics. |
IWMI, Colombo, Sri Lanka |
25 Oct. to 20 Dec. 2021 |
Study area map (Central Rift Valley); LULC maps for the last 45 years (1975; 1990; 2005; 2020) and maps showing the dynamics of LULC changes as well as tables on LULC changes across the 45 years. |
IWMI, Colombo, Sri Lanka |
01 Oct. 2013 to 31 Mar. 2014
|
Hydrometeorological investigation on Akli and Aukibin small scale irrigation projects. |
Temesgn Getie Water Resources Consultants |
Research Fund Raised
Description |
|
2019 |
CARE Ethiopian fund. Research focus: Water for Food Security, Women’s Empowerment and Environmental Protection. A two-year research project (2019 – 2020). The project was implemented in partnership with CARE Ethiopia and Bahir Dar University. |
2018 |
USAID – ILSSI project fellowship grant, Fellowship focus: Integrated Decision Support System: specializing in Soil and Water Assessment (SWAT) model at the Texas A&M University, USA |
2017 |
Bahir Dar Technology Institute (BiT) research grant, Research focus: Impacts of Natural Resource Management Interventions on Ecosystem Service in Upper Blue Nile Basin. A two-year project with a budget of about US$ 25,000. The project was implemented in Bahir Dar University. |
2015 |
Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) project research fund by CGIAR (2015). Research focus: Sustaining Land Resources Management Interventions in Ethiopia. A two-year research project (2015 – 2016). The project was implemented in partnership with government research institutes and universities, international research institutes and universities. |
Research interests
Climate modeling, hydrological modeling, water quality modeling, GIS and remote sensing applications, climate change impact, drought monitoring and forecasting, land use change impact, land resource management and its effectiveness, water-food-energy-ecosystems (NEXUS), and others
Publications
In Peer-reviewed Journals
1. Bogale, A. G., Adem, A. A., Mekuria, W., & Steenhuis, T. S. (2023). Application of geomorphometric characteristics to prioritize watersheds for soil and water conservation practices in the Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia. Geocarto International, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2023.2184502
2. Adem, A. A., Yibeltal, M., Mhiret, D. A., Tilahun, S. A., Zimale, F. A., Worqlul, A. W., Enku, T., & Teferi, E. T. (2022). Identification of suitable land for supplemental surface irrigation in semi-arid areas of North-western Ethiopia. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 100899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2022.100899
3. Gashaw, T., Worqlul, A. W., Dile, Y. T., Sahle, M., Adem, A. A., Bantider, A., Teixeira, Z., Alamirew, T., Meshesha, D. T., & Bayable, G. (2022). Evaluating InVEST model for simulating annual and seasonal water yield in data-scarce regions of the Abbay (Upper Blue Nile) Basin: implications for water resource planners and managers. Sustainable Water Resources Management, 8(5), 170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-022-00757-3
4. Abebe, B. K., Zimale, F. A., Gelaye, K. K., Gashaw, T., Dagnaw, E. G., & Adem, A. A. (2022). Application of Hydrological and Sediment Modeling with Limited Data in the Abbay (Upper Blue Nile) Basin, Ethiopia. Hydrology, 9(10), 167. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology9100167
5. Admas, B. F., Gashaw, T., Adem, A. A., Worqlul, A. W., Dile, Y. T., & Molla, E. (2022). Identification of soil erosion hot-spot areas for prioritization of conservation measures using the SWAT model in Ribb watershed, Ethiopia. Resources, Environment and Sustainability, 100059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100059
6. Gashaw, T., Bantider, A., Zeleke, G., Alamirew, T., Jemberu, W., Worqlul, A. W., Dile, Y. T., Bewket, W., Meshesha, D. T., Adem, A. A., & Addisu, S. (2021). Evaluating InVEST model for estimating soil loss and sediment export in data scarce regions of the Abbay (Upper Blue Nile) Basin: Implications for land managers. Environmental Challenges, 5(100381), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2021.100381
7. Abebe, W. B., Tilahun, S. A., Moges, M. M., Wondie, A., Dersseh, M. G., Assefa, W. W., Mhiret, D. A., Adem, A. A., Zimale, F. A., Abera, W., Steenhuis, T. S., & McClain, M. E. (2021). Ecological Status as the Basis for the Holistic Environmental Flow Assessment of a Tropical Highland River in Ethiopia. Water, 13(14), 1913. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13141913
8. Adem, A. A., Mekuria, W., Belay, Y., Tilahun, S. A., & Steenhuis, T. S. (2020). Exclosures improve degraded landscapes in the sub-humid Ethiopian Highlands: the Ferenj Wuha watershed. Journal of environmental management, 270, 110802. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110802
9. Adem, A. A., Dile, Y. T., Worqlul, A. W., Ayana, E. K., Tilahun, S. A., & Steenhuis, T. S. (2020). Assessing Digital Soil Inventories for Predicting Streamflow in the Headwaters of the Blue Nile. Hydrology, 7(8), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7010008
10. Adem, A. A., Addis, G. G., Aynalem, D. W., Tilahun, S. A., Mekuria, W., Azeze, M., & Steenhuis, T. S. (2020). Hydrogeology of Volcanic Highlands Affects Prioritization of Land Management Practices. Water, 12(10), 2702. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12102702
11. Bogale, A., Aynalem, D., Adem, A., Mekuria, W., & Tilahun, S. (2020). Spatial and temporal variability of soil loss in gully erosion in upper Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia. Applied Water Science, 10(5), 106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-020-01193-4
12. Worqlul, A. W., Taddele, Y. D., Ayana, E. K., Jeong, J., Adem, A. A., & Gerik, T. (2018). Impact of Climate Change on Streamflow Hydrology in Headwater Catchments of the Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia. Water, 10(2), 120. https://doi.org/10.3390/w10020120
13. Zerihun, M., Mohammedyasin, M. S., Sewnet, D., Adem, A. A., & Lakew, M. (2018). Assessment of soil erosion using RUSLE, GIS and remote sensing in NW Ethiopia. Geoderma Regional(12). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2018.01.002
14. Adem, A. A., Aynalem, D. W., Tilahun, S. A., & Steenhuis, T. S. (2017). Predicting Reference Evaporation for the Ethiopian Highlands. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 9, 1244-1269. https://doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2017.911081
15. Assefa, T. T., Jha, M. K., Tilahun, S. A., Yetbarek, E., Adem, A. A., & Wale, A. (2015). Identification of Erosion Hotspot Area using GIS and MCE Technique for Koga Watershed in the Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia. American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 11(4), 245. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2015.245.255
16. Worqlul, A., Maathuis, B., Adem, A., Demissie, S., Langan, S., & Steenhuis, T. (2014). Comparison of TRMM, MPEG and CFSR rainfall estimation with the ground observed data for the Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 18(12), 4871-4881. https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-8013-2014
Book/Book Chapters
- Mesfin, S., Adem, A. A., Mullu, A., & Melesse, A. M. (2021). Historical Trend Analysis of Rainfall in Amhara National Regional State. In Nile and Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (pp. 475-491). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76437-1_25
- Atanaw, S. B., Aynalem, D. W., Adem, A. A., Mekuria, W., & Tilahun, S. A. (2018). Effects of Soil and Water Conservation Practices on Runoff, Soil and Nutrient Losses in Alekt Wenz Watershed, Ethiopian Highland. 6th EAI International Conference on Advances of Science and Technology, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia: 5-7 October 2018, https://doi.org/110.1007/978-3-030-15357-1_14
- Bogale, A. G., Aynalem, D. W., Adem, A. A., Mekuria, W., & Tilahun, S. A. (2018). Evaluating the Role of Runoff and Soil Erosion on Nutrient Loss in the Chenetale Watershed, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia. 6th EAI International Conference on Advances of Science and Technology, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia: 5-7 October 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15357-1_23
- Adem, A. A., Tilahun, S. A., Ayana, E. K., Worqlul, A. W., Assefa, T. T., Dessu, S. B., & Melesse, A. M. (2016a). Climate Change Impact on Sediment Yield in the Upper Gilgel Abay Catchment, Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia. Landscape Dynamics, Soils and Hydrological Processes in Varied Climates, 615-644. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18787-7_28
- Adem, A. A., Tilahun, S. A., Ayana, E. K., Worqlul, A. W., Assefa, T. T., Dessu, S. B., & Melesse, A. M. (2016b). Climate change impact on stream flow in the upper Gilgel Abay Catchment, Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia. Landscape Dynamics, Soils and Hydrological Processes in Varied Climates, 645-673. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18787-7_29
- Adem, A. A., Melesse, A. M., Tilahun, S. A., Setegn, S. G., Ayana, E. K., Wale, A., & Assefa, T. T. (2014). Climate change projections in the upper Gilgel Abay River catchment, Blue Nile basin Ethiopia. In Nile river basin (pp. 363-388). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02720-3_19
Technical/Policy Briefs
- Fasikaw A. Zimale, Seifu A. Tilahun, Anwar A. Adem (2021). Monitoring upland watersheds for sustainable land management practices in Belesa area, Technical brief no. 3, SWEEP Project, CARE Ethiopia and Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia: May 2021
- Anwar A. Adem, Temesgen Mengist, Seifu A. Tilahun (2020). Exclosures are effective in improving degraded landscapes in watersheds of Belesa Districts, Technical brief no. 2, SWEEP Project, CARE Ethiopia and Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia: December 2020
- Yassin Ahmed, Ermias Tesfaye, Seifu A. Tilahun, Anwar A. Adem (2020). What motivates farmers to engage in and sustain watershed development interventions? Learning brief no. 1, SWEEP Project, CARE Ethiopia and Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia: June 2020
Proceedings & Conference papers
- Adem, A. A, Addis, Gashaw G. Addis, Seifu A. Tilahun, Tammo S. Steenhuis (2022). Hydrogeology of Volcanic Highlands Affects Prioritization of Land Management Practices. 3rd International Conference on Environment & Society (EAS), 2022 International Conference on Water, Food and Energy Security: The Role of Science and Communities in Post War Reconstruction, July 4-5, 2022, Sapphire Addis Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Adem, A. A., Dile, Y. T., Worqlul, A. W., Ayana, E. K., Tilahun, S. A., & Steenhuis, T. S. (2022). Assessing Digital Soil Inventories for Predicting Streamflow in the Headwaters of the Blue Nile. 9th Annual National Conference of College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences (CAES#9), Research and policy innovations for food systems transformation in Ethiopia, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, 04-05 June 2022.
- Adem, A. A. (2021). Meteorological and hydrological drought monitoring in the Eastern Nile River Basin, 6th Nile Development Forum (NBDF6), Webinar Stream: Adaptation to Climate Change, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 19-25 March 2021.
- Adem A. A., Dessalew W. Aynalem, Seifu A. Tilahun and Tammo S. Steenhuis (2020), Predicting Reference Evaporation for the Ethiopian Highlands, 7th Annual National Conference on Agriculture and Environmental Management for Sustainable Development, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia: 6-7 March 2020
- Adem, A. A., Dessalew W. Aynalem, Seifu A. Tilahun, Wolde Mekuria, Mulugeta Azeze, Tammo S. Steenhuis (2017). Runoff response and the associated soil and nutrient loss in two northwestern Ethiopian highland watersheds, The 5th International Conference on the Advancement of Science and Technology (ICAST-2017), Bahir Dar, Ethiopia: 19-20 May, 2017
- Aynalem, Dessalew W., Adem A. A., Seifu A. Tilahun, Wolde Mekuria, Charles F. Nicholson and Tammo S. Steenhuis (2016). Enhancing ecosystem services in the upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia through the implementation of soil and water conservation measures. First African ESP conference; Nairobi, Kenya: 21-25 Nov 2016.
- Adem, A. A., Dessalew W. Aynalem, Seifu A. Tilahun, Wolde Mekuria, Mulugeta Azeze, Tammo S. Steenhuis (2016). Effectiveness of land and water management interventions in reducing runoff and soil erosion in the northwestern highlands of Ethiopian.First African ESP conference; Nairobi, Kenya: 21-25 Nov 2016.
- Adem, A. A., Dessalew W. Aynalem, Seifu A. Tilahun And Tammo S. Steenhuis (2016). Predicting Reference Evapotranspiration in Humid and Sub-Humid Areas of Ethiopia, International Conference on the Advancements of Science and Technology (ICAST-CWRE-2016), Faculty of Civil and Water Resources Engineering, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia: 17-18 June 2016.
- Adem, A. A., And Leykun G. Ayele (2015). Impacts of Land Cover Change on Sediment Load of Lake Tana; a Case of Gilgel Abay Watershed, Blue Nile, Ethiopia, Tropical lakes in a changing environment: Water, land, biology, climate and humans, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia: 26-27 September 2015
- Adem, A. A. (2014). Impact of Climate Change on Stream Flow and Sediment Yield in the Upper Gilgel Abay River Catchment. National Workshop on Erosion and Sedimentation. Blue Nile Water Institute (BNWI), Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.28 - 29 April 2014
- Adem, A. A. (2012). Mean Water Resources Potential Over Awash Catchments Based on Thornthwaite’s aridity indices. Colloque International Conference, Bangui, Central African Republic: 24-27 October 2012.
- Adem, A. A. (2010). Mean Water Resources Potential Over Awash Catchments Based on Thornthwaite’s aridity indices. International Workshop on Climate and Environmental Change: Challenges for Developing Countries. CTWF, Beijing, China: 17-19 November 2010.
Research and Project Reports
- Adem, A. A. and Sileshie Mesfin (2021). Amhara Region Water Resource and Irrigation Development Potential and Existing Irrigation Schemes Performance Assessment Study Project, Volume I: surface water potential assessment, Bureau of Water Resources Development (BoWD), Report No-1, 1-115.
- Adem, A. A., Melania Peter & Mubarak Omer, (2019). Drought Risk Assessment and Mapping for Eastern Nile Basin, Final Report, Eastern Nile Technical and Regional Office (ENTRO), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Adem, A. A., (2016). Tekeze Basin Integrated Land Use Planning and Environmental Study Project: Technical Report III: Hydrology and Water Resource Assessment. ADSWE, LUPESP/TekSB, Report No-3, 1-240.
- Adem, A. A., (2016). Impact of soil and water conservation on water resources change in Amhara Regional State. Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, ADSWE-ENRCiAR Thematic Report No-4: 1-59.
- Adem, A. A. (2015). Tana Sub Basin Integrated Land Use Planning and Environmental Study Project: Technical Report III: Hydrology and Water Resource Assessment. ADSWE, LUPESP/TaSB, Report No-3, 1-252.
- Adem, A. A. & Worqlul, A. W. (2013). Water Resource Assessment and Water Balance of Lake Tana Basin Ethiopia. Tana Sub-Basin Office (TaSBO), Bahir Dar.
Journal Reviewer
- Journal of Physical Geography
- Journal of Environmental Management
- International Journal of River Basin Management
- International Journal of Digital Earth
- Heliyon
- Geo-spatial information science
- Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk
- Geocarto International
- Ecological Indicators
- Water Resources Management
- Journal of College of Agriculture and Environmental Science
- Blue Nile Journal of Agricultural Research (BNJAR)
1. Tammo S. Steenhuis, Ph.D, International Professor on Hydrology, Cornell University, USA. Tel: +1 (607) 255 2489, Email: tammo@cornell.edu
2. Seifu Admassu Tilahun, Ph.D, Professor of Hydrology, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia. Tel: +251978501750, Email: satadm86@gmail.com
3. Abeyou Wale Worqlul, PhD, Researcher, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Tel: +251965556430, Email: a.worqlul@cgiar.org
4. Wolde Mekuria, Ph.D, Land resources management researcher, International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Tel: +251923786360, Email: W.Bori@cgiar.org